Metal-working machine for making tacks, &amp;c.



- No. 654,6l2; Patented July 3|, 1900. J. DRAHERfi. F. MARGGR-AF'F.

' METALWU BKING MACHINE FURMAKING TASKS, 8m.

Sheet 2.

, (Applibation filed. Feb. 24, 1899.).-

Ulo Model.)

' l3 Shag tis- WIITNESQSES:

- i244 ATTORNEYS 0-654.612; Patented IuIy 3|, I900. .1. DRAHER & F. NAIIGGRAFF. METAL WORKING IIIAGI-IINE FOR MAKING TACKS, 8w.

(Application filed nb. 24, 1899.)

' 13 Sheets-Sheet 3,

(Nu mm.

WITNESSES: mvggons w: "bums mus 00., mamumo" wwmamfl. u. c.

Nd. 654mm V Patehted July 3|, I900.

J. DRAHER & F. MARGGRAFF.

METAL WORKING MACHINE FOB MAKINGTACKS, 8w.

'(Application filed Feb. 24, 1899.)

(N o M o d a I.)

l3 sums-shear %M-' ATTORNEY;

"no; Noam PETERS c0, Pno'rou'ruq, wnsnmnmn. u. c.

'INVENTORS S Patented July 3|, I900. J. DRAHER & F. MARGGRAFF. METAL WORKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TACKS, 81.0. (Apphcanon filed Feb 24, 1899 l3 Sheets$hoet 5.

MM' ATTORNEYS rm; mums Pzfzns 2x1. PHOTOAUHOH wwmsron. a a

N0. 654,6!2. l Patented luly 3|, I900.

, J. DRAHER &-F. MARGGRAFFI METAL WORKING MAGHINE FOB MAKING TACKS, 8w.

(Application filed Fab. #4, 1899.) 7

l3 SheetsSheet 6;

(No Model.)

WITNESSES: mvtmoas BY W v I 4, ATTORNEYS 'rnz Noam: PETERS co, mom-urua. WASNINGTON, n. c.

No. 654,6l2.

. Patented July 3|, I900. J. DRAHEB &. F.- MARGGRAFF.

METAL WORKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TACKS, 8w.

(Application med Feb. 24, 1599. (Nu Modal.) l3 Sheets-Sheet 7 WITNESSES: l\ INVENTORS 7 ATTORNEYS m: norms PETERS ca. PHOYD-UTHQ. wnsmumfin. u. c.

No. 654.,6l2. Patented July 3|, I900.

J. DRAHER & F. MARGGBAFF.

METAL WORKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TACKS, &c.

(Application flle'd Feb. 24,1899.

(Ila Model.) l3 sheets sheet 3 Wig-.38.- I IIIQII I I $MJ7M ATTORNEYS I m: mums nnzas cu, Pnorcm'mon wAwmarou n. c.

N0. 654,612. I V Patented July 3|, I900.

J. DRAHEB & F. MARGII I I'iI-U-T. METAL WORKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TASKS, 8w.

(Application filed Feb. 24, 1899.)

- I3 Sheets-She 9.

(No Model.)

' ATTORNEYS we: now: mans co. morquma, msumcwom u. c

No. 654,612. f i Patented'luly 3|, I900. J. DRAHER & F. MARGGBAFF.

METAL WORKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TACKS, 81:0.

(Application filed Feb. 24, 1899.: (No Model.) l3 Sheets-Shee l0.

m1; 1 I j v w .4 IL 3g 9' 4 W1 ATTORNEYS No, 654,6|2. Patented my 31, I900.

J. DRAHER & F. MARGGRAFF.

METALWOBKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TASKS, 8w.

(Application filed Feb. 24; 1mm.

(No Iddal.) l3 smuAnn I2.

No. 654,6l2. Patented m 3|, 1900,

DRAHER &- FuMARGGBAFF:

METAL WORKING MACHINE FOR MAKING TACKS, 8w.

(Applicatiozi flled'Feb. 24, 1899.

I3 Sheots-Sheei l3,

No Model.)

WEI-47- INVENTORS ATTORNEYS m: mums warms ca. MOYO-IJYNQ. wAsHmcn'oN. n c,

i I i IO chines generally, and the particular mechtom; DRAHER AND FR EDRICKMARGGRAFF, or WAT BURY, CONNECTI- CUT, ASISIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGN NTS, To THE snot: HARDWARE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

METAL-WORKING MAC-HIN SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters E Foe MAKING i'AcKs, 80C.

Patent No. 654,612,?1atd Jul 31, '1eoo.

Application filed retmrgr 24., 1559. sins] No. 766,660., (No in.)

To all whom it may ooh-eerie.- I Be it known that WefJOHN DRAHER and FREDRICK MARGGRAFF, residing at Waterbury, New Haven county, State of Connectiout, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal-Working Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to metal working maanism shown and described is employed for forming and stamping up separate sections of a tack or rivet-and for uniting the-separate parts to produce finished rivets. j The main object of ourinventionis to provide an efficient mechanism of'the character described for automatically-and continuously producing completed rivets and to so constructsuch mechanism that there is little 2o liability of it being disarrangedjor broken during the operationof the machine or that imperfect rivets will; be-turned out on the machine. p, To these ends our inventionconsists in the novel arrangement and combination of parts and to the various details of construction to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters indicate correspondingparts 0 in the various views, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a metal-working machine embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the same with parts removed for the purpose of clearer illustratiomthe 3 5 section being taken above the dial-plates on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a like view of a portion of the same with the automatic feed mechanism added. Fig. a is a vertical transverse sectional view of the upper portion ofthemachine, the View being taken on the line {i 4 of Fig. land looking in the di' rection of the arrow. Fig. 5 is a like view of the lower portion ofthe machine, this latter view showing a continuation of the parts rep- 5 resented in the preceding figure. -Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional View of one-half of the parts illustrated in Fig. 5, the I view being taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a view similar to that represented in plate and its cooperating mechanisin which were omitted from the precedingufigure, theparts in Fig. 7 beginningwhere the parts in the preceding figure left olf. Fig; 8 is an end view of the machine with parts omitted for the purposeofi clearer illustration, the View being taken from the direction of the arrow .2 in Fig. 1. Fig.9, is an enlarged'fragmentary detail plan view of the transferdialplate to be hereinafter described. Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the same. Fig. 11 is a transversesectional view of the same. Fig.

12 is a detail plan. View, with portions broken away, of the combined blanking and drawing die and its cooperating parts. Fig. 13 is, a bottom view of the shield and guide to be hereinafter described. Fig. 1% isfan enlarged vertical sectional view of. the, blanking and drawing die shownin- Fig. 12, to-

vgether withfthe punches which directly 00- 7o operate therewith, theview beingtaken on the linell 14 of Fig. 12. Fig. 15Vis a face viewof the initialblank for the cap. Fig. 16

is a detail sectional view of the parts represented in Fig. ltand the mechanism for opcrating the punches. Fig. 17 is a view similar to that represented in Fig. 14, the parts being shown in a somewhat-difierent position. Fig, 18 is a like view of the same, showing the parts in still another position. Fig. 19 is an enlarged view of the same, showing the parts in the'position they assume after the cap-section has been formed by the drawing punch and die. Fig. 20 is an enlarged bottom view of the cap-section of the tack. Fig. 8 20 is a transverse sectionalview of the completed tack or rivet. Fig. 20 is a bottom view of the same. Fig. 20 is an enlarged plan view of the blank of the tack-section as it is formed by the initial punchand die. 0 Fig. 21 is a detail side view of the initial blanking-punch of the tack-section. M Fig. 22 is an end view of the same Fig. 23 is a side View of a forming-punch to press theprongs of the tack into a parallel position,- as will be here- 5 inafter described. Fig. 24 is an end view of the same. Fig. 25 is a detail side view ofwhat we term a dummy punch,;whi ch, in fact,

is not a punch at all, as will hereinafter ap- 50 Fig. 6, the view showing the parts ofthe bed ear. Fi 26 is an end view of the same. zoo P Fig. 27 is a detail side view of a closingpunch to be hereinafter described. Fig. 28

is a transverse sectional View of a portionof the machine, showing the follower which cooperates with the initial blanking-punch and I the parts by which said follower is operated. Fig. 29 is a detail side view of what we term a pointing-punch, the object of which is to compress the metal at the points of the rivet, and thereby sharpen the same. Fig. 30 is an end View of the same. Figs. 31 and 34 are side views,taken at right angles to each other, of an opening tool to be hereinafter described. Fig. 32 is a detail side View of what we term the setting-up or forming punch,the purpose of which is to give a U form to the tack-section. Fig. 33 is a detail end view of the same. Fig. 35 is an end View of the opener represented in Figs. 31 and 34.- Figs. 36 and 37,

are side and end views, respectively, of an operating-tool for operating the tack-support, as will be hereinafter described. Figs. 38,

39,40, 41, and 42 are detail side views of certain of the operating-cams to be hereinafter from those in the foregoing figure.

referred to. Fig. 43 is a diagrammatic view :of 'ajportion of the machine to be hereinafter described. Fig. 44 is an enlarged detail plan view of a tack-support, together with a pertionof the transfer-plate with which the same cooperates. Fig. 45 is a like view of the same,

the parts being shown in different positions Fig. 46 is an enlarged detail sectional View of the closing-punchand its operating mechanism. Fig. 47 is a detail View of the pin of the clos ing-punch.

In'order that a general understanding of the invention and the ends to be attained thereby may be had, we willfirst give a gener-aldesc ription of the machine and its operation, which is illustrated in the accompany- "ing'drawings, the same indicating one form or embodiment of our invention.

The metal strips from which the blanks are to be cut and formed are intermittently fed "to suitable blanking-punches by automatically-operated feed mechanism. Each of these blanking-punchescooperates with one of the two blank-feeding plates or, as we term them, "dial-plates, by means of which the blanks are automatically fed to successive punches which cooperate therewith. Athird or transfer dial-plate cooperates with the other two to automatically transfer a finished'blank from one of said feed-plates into juxtaposition to a blank carried by the other feedplate, where a closing-punch is brought into operation and the two separate parts of the rivet are united. The various parts of the machine are automatic and continuous in their operation, and special means are provided to automatically stop the machine when the parts fail to operate properly or when' there is any liability of injury resulting to the machine from any improper positioning .of a blank in the machine.

By'reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings it will be observed that 1 designates a suitable bed-plate, which may be mounted upon legs 2. Supported upon the bed-plate 1 is afraine which comprises upright side standards 3, which are united at the top by a cross-head 4. In this frame 3 4 most of the moving parts of the. machine are mounted. Thus, for instance, the main shaft 5 is mounted in suitable bearings in the standards 3, and this main shaft is provided with a driving-pulley 6, from which project laterally-extending pins 7, spaced apart for the reception of one end 8 of a spring-pressed latch 9, which constitutes one member of a two-part clutch. This clutch-section is pivoted, as indicated at 10, in an aperture extending through the main shaft 5,and the opposite end 11 of said clutchsection is adapted to be brought into contact with a cam-abutment 12 when the latter is moved into the path thereof during its revolution with the main shaft. Connected to suitable eccentrics on the main'shaft5 are pitman-rods 13, as indicated at 14. The opposite ends of these pitman-rods 13 are pivoted to a movable gate or cross-head 15, as indicated at 16, and the said pitman-rods 13 areeach ofthem preferably made intwo-sections, which are right and left hand screwthreaded and are united by a capstan-screw 13 The cross-head 15 is su-itably'guided by the standards 3-as, for instance, by means oflugs 16 and said cross-head carries all of the punches except'the final uniting or closing-punch, which is operated in a manner to be hereinafter described.

There are series of punches for each part of the article to be produced. Thus inthe present instance there are two parts, one

which constitutes the head of the rivet or tack and the other the-tack=section proper.

-A metallic strip a (see Fig. 3) is automatically fed to the blanking punch and die for each 'part by any suitable automatic feed device A. In'the present instance we have shown a feed device which is substantially the same as that shown and described in the patent to Fredrick Margg-raif, No. 252,786, dated J anuary 24, 1882. We will therefore only give a brief description of such feed mechanism in order that the general construction and operation thereof in conjunction with the machine forming the subject-matter of the present invention will be understood.

Upon the main shaft 5 is carried ahead 17, which contains a longitudinal groove, (not shown,) in which a slide 18 may beadjustably secured. This slide 18 carries a pivot which constitutes a wrist-pin that is connected to a link Y19 and is extended to form a bearing for a slotted yoke 20, which yoke may be adjusted on said wrist-pin by means of a nut'2l. .Tothe yoke 20 is connected, by'means of a universal joint 22, a rod 23. It will be observed that by this means an adjustment of the throwof the link 19 and the rod 23 may be made. .The link 19 connects with a slide 24, which moves in a bracket 25, extending from one of the upright standards 3 of the machine. The lower end of this slide 24 is connected to links 26, which are adapted to transmit motion to a suitable pinion (not shown) which meshes with the rack-bar 27, which is connected to a feed-carriage 28 (see Fig. 3) to automatically move the same in a direction transverse to the direction of longitudinal feed of the metal strip a. The rod 23 is connected at its lower end to a suitable pawl-and-ratchet mechanism, by which motion is transmitted to a shaft 29 of the feed device, and this shaft imparts a rotary motion to suitable feed-rollers, which bear upon the strip a and feed it in a longitudinal direction. This feed mechanism A is automatically operated to intermittently move the metal strip a any suitable number of times in a direction transverse to its length. After it has imparted a sufficient number of move ments to the carriage to have stamped or punched the metal throughout the width of the strip the feed-rollers are automatically brought into operation to feed the metal longitudinally a distance alittle greater than the length of a blank to be cut. The carriage will then be moved intermittently and transversely in an opposite direction from that in which it was initially moved, and so on the operation is repeated.

In the particular mechanism shown and described we employ two feed-plates 30 and 31,

which we term dial-plates. One of these feed plates is employed for each part of thestructure. Thus a feed-plate 30 is employed for feeding the blanks which eventually constitu te the head of the tack or rivet, whereas a dial-plate 31 is employed to feed the blanks of the tack portion proper of the rivet to be formed. Each of these dial-plates 3O 31 comprises a ring provided with a series of tacks or apertures or pockets 32 33, respectively, which extend therethrough and conform in outline to the initial formgiven to the blank. These dial-plates are each mounted to rotate on a trackway, as indicated at 34 in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings, and a central disk 35 projects above the face of each of these trackways or the bed, which is flush therewith and constitutes a central plate around which a dial-plate revolves. The outer periphery of each of these dial-plates is provided with a series of regularly-spaced apertures 36, into which a spring-pressed pawl 37 is adapted to engage, as clearly represented in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Locking-pawls 3838 areprovided, one engaging each of these dialplates in a similar manner to that of the pawls 37. These locking-pawls are forced into engagement with the apertures 36 in the dial-plates by springs 39 when the apertures in said dialplates are brought into register with the looking projections extending from said pawls, so as to maintain the dial-plates against movement when the feed-pawls 37 are not in operation to rotate the feed-plates. These feed-pawls 37 are pivotally connected to a slide 40, which is adapted to be reciprocated in a longitudinal direction by means to be hereinafter referred to. This slide 40 moves in suitable ways 41, formed in the framing of the machine, and is moved in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 by a spring 42. It will be observed on reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings that the pawl 37 for the dial-plate30 is not mounted directly upon the slide 40, but is connected to a bracket 43, which is capable of being adjusted longitudinally upon the slide 40 by means of the pin-and-slot connection. 44 and the screw 45.

Upon the right-hand end of the slide 40 is a vertically-projecting pin 46,which is adapted to engage the tail of the pawl 38 A horizontally-extending pin 47 projects from the left-hand end of the slide 40 and is adapted to engage the lower portion of a pin 48, which extends to both sides of the pawl 38 and to the upper portion of which the spring of the pawl 38 is secured. In this manner it will be seen that when the slide 40 is moved toward the left the pins 47 and 46 will engage with the pawls 38 and 38 respectively, and will cause the same to be forced out of engagement with their respective dial-plates before the springpressed feed-pawls 37 have been brought into engagement with the apertures in said dialplates to intermittently rotate them at the next reciprocation of the slide 40 in an opposite direction. It will be seen that by this operation of the slide 40 the dial-plates are intermittently and simultaneously revolved to bring the apertures therein successively into alinement with the initial punches and dies, and as the blanks are formed they are deposited in the apertures of their respective dialplates. The blanks are then fed by said dial-plates to the successive punches to be given the proper form, and after the blanks leave the last of the series of punches they are conveyed to a position where the blanks of one dial-plate must be transferred into juxtaposition to the blank in the other dial-plate and into the path of a closing-punch, where the parts are united to form a complete rivet or tack. This transfer of a blank from one dial-plate to a position where it may be combined with ablank cf a second dial-plate comprises in the presentinstan ce a third dial-plate 49, which we designate as atransfer device or a transfer dial-plate, which is mounted intermediate of the two feed-plates 3O 31, as may be seen by an inspection of Fig. 2 of the drawings. We likewise mount the transfer-plate in such a manner that it will move or rotate in aplaue intermediate of the planes of movement of the dial-plates 30 and 31, as indicated in Fig. 2 and in other Views of the drawings. This-transfer dial-plate 49 is pivoted upon a pintle 50, as indicated in Fig. 2, and is provided with a series of apertures'51 in the periphery thereof, as indicated in Fig. 2. Cooperating with this transfer-plate is a spring-pressed feedpawl 52, which is adapted to engage in the apertures 51 in the periphery opening aperture 65.

' of the plate in a manner similar to that in served that the feed-pawl 37 of the dial-plate IO and the feed-pawl 52 of the transfer-plate maybe adjusted with relation to each other and with relation to the feed-pawl 37 of the plate 31 so as to compensate for any wear or deviation that the parts might ordinarily pre- '15 sent.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that the transfer-plate is moved intermittently and simultaneously with the 'fe'edrplates 30 and 31 at each operation of the 20. slide 40. This transfer-plate is illustrated in .detail in Figs. 9, 10, and 11, from which it will be seen that a main plate 56 is provided with a sleeve 57, and said main plate, together with the plate 58, which is secured, thereto,

25 constitutes a frame or spider, which is perforated andaper-tured, as indicated at 59.and 60.. Between these plates 56 and 53 are containedarms 61, which are pivoted, as indi- -cated at 62, in a manner to form adjacent 3o .clampingarms, the ends of which projectin-to 'the indentures, spaces, or apertures 59 60 formed in the spider. The arms 61,- constituting each cooperating pair, are maintained in contact with each other by springs 62 which are coiled around the posts 63 between the plates and have their free ends abutting uponadjacent arms 61, as indicated inFigs.

9 and 10. Between each pair of arms 61 is.

, provided a tack-receiving aperture 64: and an Access may be had to the opening aperture 65 of each pair of clamping-arms 61 through an elongated opening 66 w in the top and bottom plates 58 and 56, re-- spectively, of the frame. The movement of each pair of clamping-arms 61 toward each other is limited by a pin .67, which extends from the top to the bottom plate. The pu-rposeof the clamping-arms 61 is'to receive a tack-section from the dial-plate 31 and to maintain it in position between a pairof said armsuntil it is brought in juxtaposition to the ca p=section or top of the tack carried by the dial-plate 30, where the two parts will .be

' combined toform a complete tack or rivet. LThe manner'in' which thesespring-pressed -clamping-arms 61 are operated will be herein'after more fully described. Like the dialplates 30 and 31, this transfer-plate 49 has .a locking-pawl 68, which is pivoted, as indi-.

6o catedat 69, and will engage in one of the apertures .51 in the periphery of the transferplate when the parts are in position to cut the blanks for each of the feed-plates. This pawl .68 .is maintained in engagement with the transfer-plate by a spring 70, secured by one end to a fixed portion 71 of the framing of the machine and at the oppositeend to the dial-plate 31.

tail of the pawl, as indicated at 72. A suitable pin 73, whichprojects vertically from the slide 40, is adapted to engage the tail end of this locking-lever when the slide is moved toward the left, so as to release the lever in a manner similar to that in which the lockinglevers 38 38 are released.

Having described the dial-plates and the manner in which the same are operated, we will now proceed to describe the various 1 punches and dies which cooperate with each of the feed-plates for the blanks to be united to form a finished tack orrivet.

Upon reference to Figs. 3 and 7 of the drawings it will be observed that a fixed die 74 extends over the dial-plate 31 and that theaper- 'ture in this fixed die corresponds in outline to the outline of the initial blank to be cut and tothe apertures or pockets 33, contained in the dial-plate 31. The punch 75, which codperates with this fixed die 7%, is illustrated in detail in Figs. 21 and 22 of the drawings. Cooperating with this initial punch and die for forming the tack-section of the tack or .rive't is What we term a follower 76, which is illustrated in detail inFig. 28 of the drawings.

This follower 76 has the general conformation of the initial blank for the tack section represented in Fig. 20 of the drawings. This follower is normally maintained in the elevated'position by the spring-thereof acting upon the parts connected thereto,

as will hereinafter appear. These parts consist of-a rock-shaft 77, from which anarm 78 projects, .and this arm connects with the follower. 7 Projecting from the rock-shaft 77 is a second arm 79, with which a rocking'lever 8O codperates to rock the shaft and todepress the follower against the tension of its spring. The lever 80 is operated in a manner to be hereinafter described to control the follower 76, which coeperates with the blanking-punch in the following manner: Before the punch descends to cut the blank the follower 76 is pressed by its spring against the under face of the metal, the. follower having passed through an aperture 33in the feed-plate 31. When the blankingpunch 75 descends, it cuts ablank from the metal strip and forces the blank down with the follower against the tension of its spring until the upper end of the follower is flush with the'trackway of the The lever is then operated to maintainthe parts'in this position, as illustrated in Fig. 28 of the drawings- The dialplate 31 .then receives an intermittent movement to convey the blank along the plane face of the trackway to the next punch 81, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. 25 and 26 of thedrawings. This punch 81 is, in fact, not a punch at all,but is what we term a dummy punch, and its function is merely to enter The dummy punch is fixed to and moves up ICC IIO

and down with the gate 15, and its object, aside from fiattenin g out the blank, is to stop the machine in case more than one blank is accidentally contained in a pocket of the feedplate. This is brought about by the dummy punch operating upon the two blanks instead of one. After the dummy punch has pressed upon the. blank in the manner described the dial-plate is given an intermittent movement and conveys the blank along the trackway to the next punch 82, which is what we term a pointing or sharpening punch. This punch is illustrated in detail in Figs. 29 and 30, from which it will be observed that the portions 83, which bear upon the ends of the tack, extend below the face of the punch, so that they will compress or flatten the metal of the blank at these points and thereby render them sharp. It will be understood that the punches 81 and S2 cooperate with a plane or fiat portion of the trackwayof the dialplate 31 and that no die other than this is used in connection with these punches.

In order that the punches 75,81, and 82 may maintain the blanks properly positioned in the pockets or apertures 33 of the dial-plate with which they cooperate, each of said punches is provided with a spring-pressed longitudinally-movable finger 84, which normally projects from the face thereof. Each of these fingers may be provided with a spring somewhat in the manner of the finger or-pin 92. (Shownin Fig. 46.) By these meansthe fingers 84: are first brought into contact with the blanks in the pockets, when the punches descend, and a spring-pressure is thereby exerted upon the blanks to properly positionthe same before the punches reach contact therewith. After the punch 82 has operated upon the blank in the manner described the dial or feed plate 31 is given an intermittent movement to convey the blank thus treated int-o thepath of the drawing-punch 85, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. 32 and 33 of the drawings. When-the blank arrives at this punch, the blank is cruciform and flat in shape, asindicated in Fig. 20. As the punch 85 descends it contacts with the middle of the blank and forces it through a fixed die 86, (see Fig. 6,) interposed between the dialplate 31 and the transfer-plate 49. This fixed die 86 contains an aperture which corresponds to the cross-section of the drawingpunch 85, with which said die cooperates, so that after the blank is operated upon by this punch and die it is given a U-shaped form, with small from the base thereof. When the parts are in position for the formation of this lastnamed blank, one of the tack-receiving apertures (31L between the clamping-arms 61 of the transfer-plate 49 will be beneath and in register with the punch 85 and the die 86 and will receive the blank from the said punch and die. The clamping-arms 61 will maintain the blank in place in the transfer-plate, and when the transfer-plate is next intermittently moved it will transfer the blank to a position where a bending-punch 87 can operate thereon. This punch 87 is illustrated'in detail in Figs. 23 and 24 of the drawings, and the purpose thereof is to bend the points of the tack in toward each other, so that a parallelism is given to the prongs. Thus the ends 88 of the punch bear upon the points of the tack, as indicated in Fig. 23 of the drawings, and a depression of the punch will cause the prongs of the tack to pass into the aperture 89 between the parts 88 ot' the punch, and thereby slightly bend said prongs inwardly toward each other. At the next intermittent movement of the transfer mechanism or dialplate 49 the blank treated in the manner described will be conveyed into register with an aperture or pocket 32 in the feed-plate 30.

In this pocket a finished cap or head blank 90 (see Fig. 20) is contained, and cooperating with a pocket at this point is a closing-punch 91, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. 27 and 46 of the drawings. This closing-punch is provided with a spring-pressed pin 92, like the punches 75, 81, and 82, to bear upon the U-shaped tack-section and maintain it properly positioned in the head or cap section before the punch proper reaches contact there with. It will be understood that the face of the punch 91 is properly recessed, as indi cated at 91 Fig. 46, to receive the prongs of the blank, and the circular flange or edge 93 is adapted to bear upon the upturned edge 94 of the cap (see Fig. 20) and to cooperate with its closing-die to turn the edge in and to bend it down upon the laterally-extending lugs 86 of the tack-section formed by the parts 95 of the blanking-punch 75. (See Figs. 20, 21, and 22.)

The closing-die 96 is illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings. This die has the general conformation of the cap-blank, which is conveyed thereto by the feed-plate 30, and is antomatically operated by means to be hereinafter described, so as to be projected through the trackway 34, where it registers with the apertures 32 as they are brought successively thereto by the dial-plate 30.

It will be observed that by mounting the feed-plates 30 and 31 so as to move in different planes and mounting the transfer-plate 49 so as to move in a plane intermediate of the planes of movement of the feed-plates 30 a and 31 the transfer-plate is adapted to receive a blank from above from the feed-plate 31 and to deliver said blank to the feed-plate 30 lugs or projections 8.6 extending laterally e p i 654,612

below the plane of movement of the transferplate. Thus the different movements of the blanks in their transfer from one plate to another is always in a downward direction.

When the two blanks, one for the head and V the other for thetack section, arrive at the closing-punch 91 to unite the parts, as has been described, the tack-section should be released from the clamping-arms, and in or- [O der to accomplish this we provide the following mechanism: Upon the gate is carried an opening arm or plunger 98, which is shown inv detail in Figs. 31 and 35 of the drawings.

When the gate descends, the end of this [5 opener 98 passes through an opening 66 in the top of the'transfer dial-plate 49 and enters an aperture 65,formed between twoof the clam ping-arms 61. The cam edges 99 of the opener bear upon the arms 61 and force them apart :0 a ainst the tension of their springs 62 In the openings 66 in the underside of the transfer-plate 49 and cooperates with the springpressed clam pin g-arms 61 in the mannerhereinbefore described to open them for the reception of a blank from the punch 85 and its cooperating die.

Having described the construction and operation of the various punches and dies which codperate with the dial-plate 31 for the tack-section and the manner in which the tack-section is transferred by the dial-plate 49 to the feed-plate 30, we will now describe the various punches and dies which cooperate with the feed-plate and the manner in which the same are operated.

The punch for blanking and drawing the cap is illustrated in detail in Fig. 16 of the drawings. This punch is in reality two punches, one within another.- The outer or blanking punch is carried by and moves with order that the blank will not immediately drop from the clamping-arms 61 to the closingdie, but will be supported in place until such time as the closing punch and die are ready to 25 act thereon, we provide what 'we term a tack-support, which consists of a spring- .pressed pivoted bell-crank lever 1.00, as indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, which bell- .crank lever carries a supporting-flange 101,

0: which is forced by thespring of the lever 100 under the transfer-plate, so that when a blank isreleased from the clamping-jaws of said plate it will rest upon the flange 101 and will be supported thereby until the closing punch and die are about to act thereon. The removal of the support from under the tack- -blank is brought about in the following man'- -ner after an. aperture 32; with a cap-blank 'contained therein, has been conveyed into the 4o, path ofvthe closing-punch: The operating tool 01- plunger 102, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. 36 and 37 of the drawings, is carried by the gate or cross-head 15, and as the said cross-head descends it carries the cam-face 103. of said tool into contact with the arm 104 of the supporting-lever, and thereby forces the lever around its pivot against the tension of the spring thereof, and the flange 101 of the support is thus withdrawn from under the tack-section. In this manner the tacksection is at the proper time delivered to the die of the'closing-punch, so that the two parts may be united. .A tack-support 101 (see Fig.. 6,) similarto that iust described. may

been made.

thegate 15, while the inner or drawing punch is operated independently of, the gate, as will hereinafter more'clearly appear.

Upon reference to Figs; 12- to 19 of the drawings it will be seen that a blanking or cutting punch 110 is adapted to pass, through an aperture 111 in a shield-plate 112;. The purpose of this shield-plate 112 is to prevent the metal strip a, which passes under the shield, from following the cutting-punch as it is withdrawn from the die afterthe out has The shield is provided with a guide-channel 113 in the bottom thereof, (see Fig. 13,) through which the metal strip passes, and suitable guide-fingers 11 1 work in ways in the shield 112and are adapted to bear laterally upon the metal strips and maintain them properly positioned. These fingers 114 are each provided with a pin 115, which extends outside of the shield, and the pins of each pair of fingers are united by a-coiled spring 116, which extends over the top of the shield 112, as indicated in Fig. 12.. Beneath the shield112 is a fixed die 116 which is a combined cutting and drawing die, and this die is secured over the dial or feed plate 30, as indicated in Fig. 16 of the drawings, and the upper portion 117 of this die cooperates with the cutting or blanking punch 110, whereas the lower portion of said die from the circumferential shoulder 118 down constitutes a-drawing-die with which the drawing-punch 119 cooperates. This drawingpunch is contained within and moves inde- 5 5- likewise be provided for the transfer-plate at that portion thereof where the tack-blank is deliveredto it, and an opening tool or plunger 105, similar to that shown in detail in- Figs. 34: and 35 of the drawings, is likewise 60' employed. This opening-tool 105 is illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings, from which it will be seen that the lower end of the tool rests upon acam-surface 106of'a1ateral1y-moving slide 107. A leaf-spring 108 is adapted to 65 bear upon a pin 109, secured to the tool 105 to insure the downward movement of said tool. This tool passes successively through pendently of the punch 110. The drawingpunch is provided with a spring-pressed finger 120, which normally extends from the face thereof and is adapted to bear upon the blank to properly position the same in the die before the drawing-p11 nch 1,19 reaches contact with said blank. The punchllO cuts a blank ings.

described, operates to depress the slide. 122, and thereby transmits motion to the drawingpnnch 119, which is maintained in the normal or retracted position by a spring 124. The punch 110 first descends with the gate to cut the blank 121, as indicated in Figs. 14 and 17 of the drawings. The cutting-punch will now be arrested and a downward movement of the slide 122 will force the drawing-punch 119 down against the blank,the spring-pressed pin 120 of said drawing-punch being first brought to bear against said blank to maintain it in proper position in the die. A further downward movement of the drawingpunch will give a cup-shaped form to the blank, as represented in Fig. 18 of the draw- When the drawing-punch descends to its lowest position, the blank will have been forced through the die or the combined cutting and drawing die into an aperture or pocket in the feed-plate 30, as indicated in Fig. 19 of the drawings, where the springpressed pin 120 prevents it from being elevated with the drawing-punch when the latter recedes. The drawing-punch 119 for the cap is carried to the elevated position by a spring 124, (see Fig. 16,) which is secured at one end to the slide 125 and at the other to a fixed portion of the machine, as indicated at 126. The feed-plate then continues to be intermittently rotated to bring the blank into the path of the closing punch and die 91 and 96, respectively, which are operated in the mannerdescribed to unite the two blanks to form a complete tack or rivet. After the rivet has been completed it is carried around with the feed-plate 30 until it reaches an automaticallyoperated spring-pressed throw-out 127, which will be operated at this moment, by means to be hereinafter described, to throw out or discharge the finished tack into a suitable receptacle. (Not shown.)

Having described the construction of various parts of the machine whichillustrate one form or embodiment of our invention andthe manner in which these parts are operated, We will now describe the means for moving these parts.

Most of the parts are operated from cams carried upon the main shaft 5 of the machine. Thus the slide 40, which imparts motion to the overlapping feed-plates 30, 49, and 31, is reciprocated against the tension of its spring 42 (see Figs. 1, 2, and 8) by an inclined edge 128 (see Fig. 1) on the slide 129. The slide 40 carries an antifriction-roller 130, against which the inclined edge on the slide 129 is adapted to hear. The slide 129 moves longitudinally on suitableguides 131 and is pro vided at its upper end with an antifrictionroller 132, against which a cam 133 on the shaft 5 is adapted to bear. This cam is illustrated in detail in Fig. 39 of the drawings.

- This slide is elevated by a spring 134, secured at one end to the slide, as indicated at 135, and at the other end to a fixed portion of the framing, as indicated at 136. At each rotaeach operation of the gate.

tion of the main shaft a reciprocating movement is thus imparted to the slide to intermittently rotate the three dial-plates simul taneously and to an equal extent.

We have hereinbefore made reference to a dummy punch 81, the purpose of which is, among others, as before explained, to automatically stop the machine in case more than one blank is contained in a pocket in the feed-plate 31. It will be obvious that the same result will be produced if for any reason each of the pockets in the feed-plate 31 is not brought into exact register with its codperating punch, inasmuch as the dummy punch will bear upon the upper face of the feedplate and being in this manner prevented from descending to the predetermined extent will,'as before described, immediately stop the machine before the succeeding punches have an opportunity to operate upon the two blanks instead of one.

\Ve will now describe another form of automatic stop mechanism and the manner in which the same is operated.

Upon reference to Figs. 4and 5 of the drawings, each of which shows continuations of the parts represented in the other figure and which should therefore be considered to gether, it will be observed that a slide 137 is adapted to move in a vertical direction in a suitable guide 138, carried by the fixed crosshead 4 of the framing. To the lower end of this slide are secured guide-rods 139 and 139*, which are adapted to move through apertures contained in the movable cross-head or gate 15, and the guide-rod 139 is shown in Fig. 5 as extending into a suitable guide-sleeve 140. Adj ustably secured to this rod 139 is a frame 141, to which are secured what we term clutch-operating plungers 146, 147, and 147 The slide 137 has one end of a spring 142 connected thereto, as indicated at 143, and the other end of this spring is secured to the cross-head 15, as indicated at 144. By these means it will be seen that the slide 137, the frame 141, and the parts carried thereby will be elevated and depressed with the gate 15 as the same is operated by the pitman-rods 13 unless an obstruction sufficient to overcome the tension of the spring 142 is interposed in the path of the plungers: when these parts will be maintained against further downward movement. The movable abutment 12, (see Fig. 1,) hereinbefore referred to, is secured to the slide 137, as indicated at 145 in Fig. 43 of the drawings, and consequently moves up into or descends out of the path of the end 11' of the clutch-section 9 at The parts are so arranged that the abutment 12 will not be carried out of the path of the clutch-section until the plu ngers have reached the ordinary downward limit of movement, so that any obstruction which will prevent the movement of these plungers to their full limit will maintain the abutment in the path of the clutch-section and will automatically release 

